You cannot replace everything but ECU and have a working car. ECU will conflict with immobilizer that resides in cluster.
Let's begin with 2 things:
1) Auto-Scan of both cars
2) List of systems from newer car you would like to transfer over.
In one of your previous post you mentioned couple things:
A) Cluster
B) backup sensors
C) nav
D) push button start
E) steering wheel controls
A) Cluster is a part of the immobilizer system. In order to swap cluster you need to have locksmith transfer your car's immobilizer data to a new car. You will need to splice in wiring from old style 36-pin into new style 32-pin. You can also purchase SVCI 2020 and learn how to use it. I can transfer immo data for you, but it will require shipping a bunch of modules to me.
B) Backup sensors. There are multiple configurations of this system. System 1 - 4 sensors on the back, System 2 - 8 sensors (4 front, 4 rear), 12 sensors system with parking assistant. For 4 or 8 sensors system you will need wiring from each sensor to a control module, beeper speaker(s) and gateway from 2012 car. For 12 sensor system you will need sensors, brackets to mount sensors, hole punch tool, wiring, most likely new ABS sensors for rear wheels, ABS unit and lot's of programming. Some systems are easier to install then others, but all is doable.
C) Most likely it has RNS-510 navigation unit. It will have massively outdated maps. Will need to transfer the unit itself, run a wire to the trunk cover and swap over antenna. Most likely will need to purchase unlock code for about $10.
D) push button start is called kessy. Following are components of the system: cluster, kessy module above brake pedal, kessy antennas inside and in the rear bumper, door handles, elv (steering lock). Immobilizer data needs to be changed in some modules for everything to work in your car and with your ECU.
E) steering wheel controls will work if you swap steering control module. It will also depend on what power steering control module you have in your older car.
Let's address your idea of swapping everything but ECU. At this point without auto-scan it might be a moot point. In 2009 2 kinds of 2.0 engines were used: CCTA and CBFA. In 2012 same 2 kinds were used as well. In the case where 2 engines are the same code ecu from the 2012 car will work with 2009 engine. It might require some tweaks or coding, but it might work.
It is possible to swap everything and keep your existing ECU, but you will need to ship ECU to do immo-delete on it. You will also have a vin mismatch, because all other modules from newer car will have it's original vin in it. In a nutshell - you will have a car with incorrect vin.
It makes sense to go with a project of this magnitude if your 2009 car is in a very good condition mechanically and exterior-wise and you intend to keep it for a long time. Or you like to tinker and learn new stuff
